Managerial Effectiveness ñ II (MB122): April 2006

Managerial Effectiveness ñ II (MB122): April 2006

• Answer all questions.
• Marks are indicated against each question.
1. Which of the following is/are true regarding effective management/managers?
I. Starts at a personal level and then moves on to the personnel level.
II. They become role models for subordinates.
III. They play a vital role in improving the overall effectiveness of the organization.
IV. Effective management needs to be an inherent quality.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (II) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
2. As per Peter Drucker, which of the following is not true regarding effective managers?
(a) They know how they spend their time
(b) They focus working with tools and techniques only
(c) They build on strengths
(d) They concentrate on one activity at a time to produce effective results
(e) They take decisions after a systematic analysis of facts and information.
< Answer >
3. Which of the following are the aims of the planning in organization?
I. To achieve the objectives of the organization.
II. To maintain uniformity in team work and provide the time necessary to achieve goals.
III. To prepare mission statement of the organization.
IV. To serve as a yardstick to measure the attainment of goals.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (III) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
4. The work of managers revolves around people and so they need to maintain good relations with
everyone in the organization. They need to work with superiors, subordinates and colleagues. This
requires them to be effective at handling people. In which of the following ways a manager cannot
contribute in maintaining human relations?
(a) By communicating (b) With teamwork
(c) With self development (d) With development of others
(e) With good mission statement.
< Answer >
5. Which of the following rule (s) should effective managers remember for staffing for strength?
I. They should ensure that the job is well structured and well defined.
II. They should recruit people based on a rigid structure.
III. They should design the job in such a manner that it brings out the strength or best performance of
an employee.
IV. They should start with what a job requires a person to do.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (I) and (III) above
(c) Both (III) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
6. According to Taber’s Cyclopedia Dictionary, which of the following is the result produced when forces
that disrupt equilibrium or produce strain act upon a structure, system or organism?
(a) Stress (b) Attitude (c) Perception
(d) Leadership (e) Motivation.
< Answer >
7. Which of the following is/are not the characteristic of ‘Type A’ personality?
I. Continual sense of urgency.
II. Has an excessive competitive drive.
< Answer >
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III. They work at their own pace.
IV. Less likely to be under stress.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (I) and (II) above
(e) Both (III) and (IV) above.
8. Which of the following is not one of the external stressors?
(a) Family (b) Work (c) Peers
(d) Perception of things outside one’s control (e) Friends.
< Answer >
9. Which of the following is/are the job stressors?
I. Difficult clients.
II. Personal inadequacy.
III. Role conflicts.
IV. Setting high goals.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (II) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
10. Which of the following is not one of the physical effects of stress?
(a) Difficulty in concentrating
(b) Increased heart rate and blood pressure
(c) Sudden increase or decrease in weight
(d) Nervous weakness
(e) Insomnia.
< Answer >
11. Which of the following is not one of the strategies to fight stress?
(a) Prioritize work (b) Delegate work
(c) Laughter (d) Concentrating only on the work
(e) Sleep.
< Answer >
12. Which of the following is true regarding time management?
I. It means spending time based on priorities and goals.
II. It means completing the works as fast as possible.
III. It helps to find ways to work more effectively and efficiently.
IV. It focuses on spending time on activities.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
13. Which of the following is/are the qualities of the perfectionist?
I. Obsession with the quality of the resultant work.
II. He takes more than allotted time to complete work.
III. Takes too much time to perform even minor activities.
IV. Takes more responsibilities than he can handle.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
14. Which of the following are the effective strategies for controlling time-wasters?
I. Biological clock.
II. Prioritize.
III. Spiritual planning.
IV. Accessibility.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
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15. Which of the following is the ability of an individual to use new approaches to solve a particular
problem or situation?
(a) Creativity (b) Perception (c) Attitude
(d) Conceptual skills (e) Motivation.
< Answer >
16. Which of the following is not one of the qualities of a creative manager?
(a) Keen observation (b) Anticipating opportunities
(c) They do not challenge assumptions (d) Taking adventurous decisions
(e) Breaking away from conventional way of doing, seeing and analyzing.
< Answer >
17. Which of the following processes involves putting a creative idea into practice?
(a) Transformation (b) Motivation (c) Invention
(d) Creativity (e) Innovation.
< Answer >
18. Which of the following is/are true about innovation?
I. Innovation is a process whereas creativity is a goal.
II. Innovation is a goal whereas creativity is a process.
III. Innovation is seed of creativity.
IV. The process of innovation involves looking for solutions and ideas in the external environment.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above (d) (I), (III) and (IV) above
(e) (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
19. Which of the following is not one of the activities involved in innovation?
(a) Discovering new ideas
(b) Selecting the most suitable ideas
(c) Invention
(d) Mapping out a plan to put the idea into practice
(e) Obtaining feedback.
< Answer >
20. Creativity in managers depends on four mental components of the individual. Which of the following
is/are true about the ‘fluency’ component of creativity?
I. It is the ability to generate a large number of relevant ideas continuously with reference to a
particular problem or situation.
II. It is the ability to view an aspect from different perspectives.
III. It is the ability to produce unusual, novel answers to questions and interpretations of situations.
IV. It is the ability to face challenges thrown by complex situations.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) Both (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
21. Which of the following is forming a relationship between unrelated situations to create a new solution
that will meet specific requirements?
(a) Perception (b) Motivation (c) Selectivity (d) Creativity (e) Attitude.
< Answer >
22. Creativity does not come easily to everyone. There may be several barriers to creativity. Which of the
following is not one of the barriers?
(a) Fear (b) Anxiety (c) Happiness
(d) Pessimism (e) Environment.
< Answer >
23. According to Pradip Khandwalla, which of the following is true about extremization technique?
(a) It involves encouraging employees to suggest creative solutions that are different from the
conventional ones for certain unforeseen problems
(b) It involves working back on a solution that has been selected for implementation
(c) It involves visualizing problems and situations down to the minute details
(d) It involves breaking the regular or conventional thinking pattern
(e) It involves information sharing about unusual ideas among individuals.
< Answer >
24. Which of the following techniques focuses on asking questions to get creative solutions? < Answer >
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(a) Checklist technique (b) Brainstorming
(c) Attributes changing (d) Morphological analysis
(e) Delphi technique.
25. Which of the following is the process of joining different and irrelevant elements to solve a situation or
problem?
(a) Checklist technique (b) Brainstorming
(c) Synectics (d) Morphological analysis
(e) Delphi technique.
< Answer >
26. Organizations can stimulate the creative thinking process in employees using various processes. In
which of the following, creative ideas are developed within an organization?
(a) Intrapreneurship (b) Kaizen
(c) Creative scenario building (d) Creativity training
(e) Exnovation.
< Answer >
27. While trying to persuade a group of executives, it is important to identify the decision maker in the
group and his/her decision making style. The message should then be presented in a way that suits that
person’s style. Executives can be classified into five groups on the basis of their decision-making.
Which of the following types are talkative, dominant, captivating, enthusiastic, and persistent and have
the ability to absorb large amounts of information?
(a) Charismatics (b) Skeptics (c) Followers (d) Controllers (e) Thinkers.
< Answer >
28. Which of the following involves the ability to monitor one’s own and others’ feelings and emotions, to
discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one’s thinking and action?
(a) Emotional Intelligence (b) Emotional quotient
(c) Emotional stability (d) Perceptual constancy
(e) Perceptual stability.
< Answer >
29. Solvey and Mayer identified four abilities and skills required for emotional intelligence and called them
the four branches of emotional intelligence. Which of the following is not one of them?
(a) The ability to recognize emotions
(b) The ability to use emotions to assist the thought process
(c) The ability to suppress emotions
(d) The ability to be aware of emotions
(e) The ability to manage emotions.
< Answer >
30. Emotional intelligence has two components: personal competence and social competence. Which of the
following is/are included in personal competence?
I. Understanding one’s own emotions, feelings, drives, strengths, etc.
II. The ability to deal with changing situations.
III. Ability to understand the feelings of others.
IV. Ability to work effectively with other persons.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (II) above (d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) Both (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
31. Negative emotions are those, which are destructive to the goals of the organization. Negative emotions
also manifest themselves in the form of spreading rumors, wasting the resources of the organization,
hostility towards colleagues, etc. Which of the following are the indicators for the existence of negative
emotions at the workplace?
I. Poor working conditions.
II. Constant fear of change in the organization.
III. Frequent changes in organizational structure.
IV. Very high or low levels of stress.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
32. Which of the following are the consequences of the existence of negative emotions at the workplace? < Answer >
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I. Low productivity.
II. Absenteeism.
III. Increase in conflicts.
IV. Loss of faith in the organization.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
33. Emotional intelligence is an essential prerequisite for effective leadership. Which of the following four
aspects of emotional intelligence do leaders require to inspire the team members?
I. Awareness of the emotions of self and also of others.
II. Ability to predict the possible emotional reactions in various organizational situations.
III. Ability to suppress the emotions of subordinates.
IV. Ability to make effective use of the identified emotions.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (I) and (III) above
(c) Both (II) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
34. An important aspect of emotional intelligence, according to Goleman, is that it can be learned. For an
individual, emotional intelligence can be recognized, appraised and improved. Which of the following
is/are not one of the suggestions for improving emotional intelligence at a personal level?
I. Try to find reasons in others and circumstances for your emotional disturbances.
II. Make use of your knowledge of emotions in taking decisions.
III. When you feel angry, suppress it do not express it in any form.
IV. Understand and acknowledge the emotions and feelings of others by showing appropriate
emotions.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
35. Which of the following ego state is/are the logical thinking side of personality?
I. Adult.
II. Child.
III. Parent.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (II) above (d) Both (I) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
< Answer >
36. Which of the following is the mental process of learning, which includes aspects like awareness,
perception, interpretation and judgment?
(a) Cognition (b) Emotional quotient
(c) Innovation (d) Motivation (e) Memory.
< Answer >
37. Which of the following uses meridians or zones to reduce stress?
(a) Reflexology (b) Message therapy
(c) Nutrition therapy (d) Posterioritizing
(e) Morphological analysis.
< Answer >
38. Seema is a manager at Colonial Bank. She expects to be a vice president by the time she is 35 years old,
preferably sooner. During the past twelve months, she has worked an average of 65 hours per week. She
told a co-worker that she is most productive because she works even after everyone else leaves. She
fired two tellers because she didn't think they were learning their jobs fast enough. One might conclude
that Seema
(a) Has Type A personality (b) Has Type B personality (c) Has no personality
(d) Seema is a good team player (e) Seema is an autocratic leader.
< Answer >
39. Which of the following refers to a feeling and its distinctive thoughts, psychological and biological
states and range or propensities to act?
< Answer >
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(a) Emotions (b) Attitudes (c) Motivations
(d) Perceptions (e) Cognitions.
40. Which of the following is the most common technique, managers’ use for enhancing creativity, in
which idea generation starts with each participant giving one idea at a time and all the collected ideas
selected by casting votes on all the ideas presented?
(a) Brainstorming (b) Creative benchmarking
(c) Creative overloading (d) Creative scenario building
(e) Creative teams.
< Answer >
41. Which of the following is based on the ability to identify, understand and apply cultural variables that
influence the communicative behavior of members of different cultures?
(a) Cultural fluency (b) Cultural integrity
(c) Cultural dominance (d) Cultural difference
(e) Cultural influence.
< Answer >
42. Which of the following is not one of the guidelines for leaders for setting up the direction for an
organization?
(a) Leaders should identify the goals and objectives for the organization by considering what it wants
to achieve, how to achieve them and when to achieve them
(b) Leaders should identify the goals for each department
(c) Leaders should organize procedures for each and every task
(d) Leaders should make every little decision
(e) Leaders should set goals as the first step toward meeting them.
< Answer >
43. Effective leaders try to identify people whose cooperation and compliance would be necessary in the
future. For this, which of the following do leaders need to clearly understand?
I. Where the leaders themselves are headed?
II. What the followers intended to do?
III. Whose involvement is crucial to reach the intended goal?
IV. Which individuals could prove an obstacle to them in fulfilling their leadership responsibilities?
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (IV) above (d) (I), (III) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
44. In general, organizations have three levels of people: executive team members, middle level managers
and line staff. Each of these groups has different expectations and the incentives have to be different in
order to meet these different expectations. Which of the following is true regarding the people in the
executive team?
(a) People need recognition and a sense of ownership
(b) People yearn for opportunities to demonstrate and develop their talents
(c) Providing the right challenge can motivate talented and capable individuals
(d) They could be allowed to participate in strategic planning process
(e) The people value a sense of stability.
< Answer >
45. Which of the following is true regarding persuading followers?
I. The persuader should make them feel confident.
II. The followers have short attention spans.
III. Though followers appear to be independent decision makers, in reality they take suggestions from
high-profile executives while making any major decision.
IV. Followers like proven and reliable ideas.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (I) and (IV) above
(c) Both (II) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
46. Which of the following points will not help in persuading thinkers?
(a) The persuader should communicate the drawbacks of the idea right at the beginning of the meeting
(b) The persuader should put forward an argument that is structured, linear and credible as thinkers
have faith in the details given by experts
(c) Thinkers can be influenced by presentation and arguments that appeal to their intelligence
< Answer >
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(d) Thinkers rarely forget any bad experience
(e) The persuader must provide enough time and space to them to come to a conclusion.
47. While trying to persuade a group of executives, it is important to identify the decision maker in the
group and his/her decision making style. The message should then be presented in a way that suits that
person’s style. Which of the following people have very strong personalities and are suspicious of data,
which is against their general beliefs?
(a) Skeptics (b) Charismatics (c) Followers (d) Controllers (e) Thinkers.
< Answer >
48. Which of the following should not encompass the vision of a leader?
(a) Vision should align with the direction and purpose of the organization
(b) It should not be communicated and shared frequently
(c) It should motivate the employees to reach their full potential
(d) It should be symbol of the organization’s distinctive qualities like culture, values, beliefs, etc.
(e) It should be able to instill qualities like belief, motivation, passion, loyalty and enthusiasm among
all the members in the organization.
< Answer >
49.
Which of the following is the ability to honor position or authority and to act as a role model, doing
what is morally correct?
(a) Charisma (b) Courage (c) Dependability (d) Flexibility (e) Integrity.
< Answer >
50. Which of the following is/are true about the life position ‘I am ok, you are not ok’?
I. This life position is attained through suspicion and aversion toward others.
II. People in this life position will take the responsibility for any faults.
III. Such people always try to prove that only they can do a job well and others cannot.
IV. These managers may not be willing to delegate authority and will be of the view that very close
supervision is required to get work done by subordinates.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) (I), (III) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
51. Which of the following is/are not one of the practical steps in developing the interpersonal skills of
managers?
I. Developing assertiveness. II. Developing aggressiveness.
III. Accepting responsibility. IV. Managing conflicts.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (I) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
52. Managers need to have good interpersonal skills if they are to be successful. Which of the following
are these skills?
I. Self awareness. II. Control. III. Motivation.
IV. Communication skills.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (I) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
53. Goleman and Cary Cherniss have developed certain guidelines for conducting training programs for
developing emotional intelligence in organizations. Which of the following is/are these guidelines?
I. All the necessary groundwork for implementing emotional intelligence training in the organization
should be completed.
II. Training the people.
III. Application of the skills learned during training in the actual job situation.
IV. Evaluation of the training program is essential for identifying the programs that need to be
improved and retaining those that are effective.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (I) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
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54. Which of the following is not the guideline that can be useful in building emotionally intelligent teams?
(a) Before the team gets down to work, the members of the team should get to know each other
(b) Each one should concentrate on his job only, he should not be bothered about what the other team
members are doing
(c) When a decision is to be taken, the opinion of each and every member has to be known
(d) It has to be ensured that the goals of the team are in line with the organizational goals
(e) The emotions of the team members have to be accepted.
< Answer >
55. Organizations can stimulate the creative thinking process in employees using which of the following
processes?
I. Reverse brainstorming.
II. Creative overloading.
III. Creative benchmarking.
IV. Parallel groups.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (I) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
56. Which of the following is a popular technique developed by Tony Buzan, that involves the graphical
display of ideas and concepts and the inter-relation between them?
(a) Mind mapping (b) Synectics
(c) Delphi technique (d) Morphological analysis
(e) Listing technique.
< Answer >
57. As per six thinking hats developed by Dr. Edward de Bono, which of the following hats involves
collecting of the necessary information, which should be neutral without any interpretations and
analysis?
(a) Green hat (b) Yellow hat
(c) White hat (d) Black hat (e) Red hat.
< Answer >
58. Which of the following techniques of creativity involves working back on a solution that has been
selected for implementation?
(a) Unblocking technique (b) Dialectical technique
(c) Ideating technique (d) Imaging technique
(e) Problem decomposition technique.
< Answer >
59. Which of the following statements is/are true?
I. According to psychobiology, the human brain is divided into two parts namely the left brain and
the right brain.
II. The left brain is associated with verbal, logical and analytical thinking.
III. The right brain is associated with emotions, intuition, inspiration and imagination.
IV. The right brain excels in naming and categorizing things, representing, speech, reading, writing
and calculating.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (I) and (IV) above
(e) (I), (II) and (III) above.
< Answer >
60. A goal is a powerful tool to focus energy and resources. Goals play a vital role in the time management
process. Managers should set goals that are in harmony with the long-term plans and objectives. The
manager must set goals which are
I. Specific.
II. Measurable.
III. Achievable.
IV. Ambitious.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (II) above (d) Both (III) and (IV) above
(e) (I), (II) and (III) above.
< Answer >
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61. The time management matrix designed by Stephen Covey determines the style of planning of managers.
The matrix has four quadrants, each of which denotes the key aspects of a manager’s plan. In which of
the following quadrants is a manager obsessed with meeting deadlines, plans for dealing with crises and
solving problems?
I. Quadrant I.
II. Quadrant II.
III. Quadrant III.
IV. Quadrant IV.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (I) and (II) above
(e) Both (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
62. Planning makes time management systematic and effective. Which of the following is/are the
components of a plan?
I. Time factor.
II. Rewards.
III. Grouping of tasks.
IV. Concentrating on individual tasks.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (III) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
63. Effective time management starts with analyzing where and how time is spent. An effective manager
has the ability to gain control over time and make the best use of it. It involves identifying the timewasters
and time abusers with the help of time logs. Which of the following is not one of the internal
time-wasters?
(a) Personal disorientation (b) Procrastination
(c) Excessive meetings (d) Excessive socialization
(e) Poor communication.
< Answer >
64. Which of the following is defined as allowing every member of an organization the time and resources
to explore his/her inner self, desires, passions, ideas and purposes?
(a) Spirituality at the work place (b) Reflexology at the work place
(c) Work-life balance (d) Telecommuting
(e) Time management at work place.
< Answer >
65. People should be proactive rather than reactive to avoid stress. Meditation is one of the most effective
techniques in reducing and avoiding stress. Regular meditation helps in stress reduction. Which of the
following is not the advantage of meditation?
(a) Enables one to control the thought process
(b) Enables one to take effective decisions
(c) Helps in physical and mental relaxation
(d) Improves concentration
(e) Enables one to reach all his goals.
< Answer >
66. Employees should identify the symptoms of burnout. This can help them to reduce the effects of
burnout. Identifying the causes of stress will help in managing a burnout. Which of the following are
the steps to manage burnout?
I. Identifying the sources of burnout.
II. Ensuring physical well-being.
III. Set ambitious targets.
IV. Organize.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (III) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
67. Which of the following is/are the psychological affects of stress?
I. Difficulty in concentrating.
II. Always anxious.
< Answer >
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III. Insomnia.
IV. Mood swings.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (III) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
68. Which of the following is/are true?
I. Positive stress is called eustress and negative stress is called distress.
II. Eustress triggers the body alarm, disturbs attention.
III. Distress has negative effect on the body.
IV. Distress if left unchecked, can have a serious effect on the body.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (III) and (IV) above (d) (I), (III) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
69. Which of the following is/are the factors that influence ethical behavior?
I. Individual characteristics.
II. Structural variables.
III. Organization culture.
IV. Issue intensity.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (II) above (d) Both (III) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
70. Managers are responsible for the contribution of their own efforts as well as those of their subordinates.
Which of the following areas require contribution by managers?
I. Direct results.
II. Developing managers for tomorrow.
III. Establishing values.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (II) above (d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
< Answer >
71. After planning, managers need to organize the activities of the organization. Organizing means putting
things in order. Which of the following is not one of the basic principles a manager has to remember
while ‘organizing’?
(a) The objectives of organizing
(b) Identifying the right persons to delegate work
(c) Allocating duties and responsibilities along with authority and accountability
(d) Coordinating various activities in a team
(e) Deciding the future course of action.
< Answer >
72. Which of the following is built on the observation that people have basic feelings about their own
ability and the ability of others to think, perform and feel?
(a) Cognition (b) Emotional quotient
(c) Perception (d) Life position (e) Memory.
< Answer >
73. Which of the following is used to describe minor changes and innovations in operations to bring about
an improvement in the process?
(a) Kaizen (b) Delphi technique (c) Dawe’s rule
(d) Franklin’s rule (e) Heuristics.
< Answer >
74. Resistance to change is a basic human characteristic and usually depends on the perception, personality
and needs of the individual. Which of the following is true about the individual resistance to change?
I. Human beings usually develop certain habits and they find it difficult to change these habits.
II. Some people resist change for fear that it would cause a decrease in their income.
III. People often develop a world of their own with their perceptions. They will be flexible to change
that as and when required.
IV. When faced with new ways of doing a job, many employees fear that they may not be able to do it
< Answer >
11
properly.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) (I), (II) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
75. Which of the following is defined as a “consistent pattern of feeling and experience directly related to a
corresponding consisting pattern of behavior”?
(a) Ego state (b) Emotional state (c) Perception
(d) Motivation (e) Memory.
< Answer >
76. Which of the following are the people who are progressive and pioneering, who cannot put up with
complacency and are continually motivated to create better organizations?
(a) Charismatics (b) Creative thinkers
(c) External time-wasters (d) Entrepreneurs (e) Change agents.
< Answer >
77. Which of the following is the result of rigorous stress over a period of time?
(a) Burnout (b) Motivation (c) Creative overloading
(d) Crisis (e) Crossed transactions.
< Answer >
78. Cultural fluency helps bring together people from diverse backgrounds so that they can share technical
knowledge. It also helps bring about smooth progress of international business by enabling easy transfer
of technology. The process of developing cultural fluency received attention when Dr Linda Beamer
developed a model for developing intercultural communication competence in 1992. Which of the
following are the levels in Beamer’s model of learning cultural fluency?
I. Acknowledging cultural diversity.
II. Organizing information according to stereotypes.
III. Analyzing communication episodes.
IV. Start communicating from your culture.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) (I), (II) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
79. Which of the following refers to a society’s attitude toward physical and intellectual inequalities?
(a) Power distance (b) Masculinity vs Femininity
(c) Uncertainty avoidance (d) Individualism vs Collectivism
(e) Long-term Orientation.
< Answer >
80. When we speak of taking a risk, we refer to those matters, which have a chance of causing a threat or
danger. Taking risk is usually considered when the probable advantage and chances of success is more
than the cost resulting from a disastrous decision. In taking a risk, which of the following is/are the
questions that need to be considered?
I. What are the possible advantages of taking this decision?
II. Why should this decision be taken?
III. What is the probability of success and failure?
IV. Is it worth taking the risk?
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) (I), (II) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
81. When a crisis actually occurs, the task of the organization is to make certain that all possible efforts
have been made to solve the problem and bring it to an end. Which of the following are the guidelines
in resolving a crisis?
I. People should be protected first rather than property.
II. All the relevant information regarding the crisis has to be collected and ways found for solving the
problem at hand.
III. Before informing the media, it has to be ensured that the employees in the organization get a fairly
good idea about the proceedings.
IV. The media should not be informed of what actually happened.
< Answer >
12
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) (I), (II) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
82. Which of the following steps can be useful for a company in preventing a crisis?
I. Plan for a crisis.
II. Formulating strategies for dealing with a crisis.
III. Having written plans.
IV. Establishing clear chains of command.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) (I), (II) and (III) above (d) (I), (III) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
83 Which of the following refers to “any serious business problem which is not generally known within or
without the company which may generate negative news coverage if or when it goes public”?
(a) Smoldering crisis (b) Sudden crisis (c) Product failure
(d) Criminal event (e) Continuous crises.
< Answer >
84. There are various types of crises. Which of the following is not one of the types of crises?
(a) Natural disasters (b) Industrial accidents (c) Mergers
(d) Hostile takeover attempt (e) Public perception.
< Answer >
85. Which of the following is a decision making method in that an important criterion is selected and a
decision is made based on the criterion?
(a) Brainstorming (b) Delphi technique (c) Dawe’s rule
(d) Franklin’s rule (e) Heuristics.
< Answer >
86. Leaders need to leverage on the forces for change latent in the organization to ensure that change is
brought about successfully. A leader has to keep in mind which of the following basic assumptions in
effecting change?
I. Organizations are same, and so are the working systems in them.
II. Leading change is a process, not an event.
III. Organizations are systems.
IV. Change has to be driven, both bottom-up and top-down.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) (I), (II) and (III) above (d) (II), (III) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
87. In which of the following ways effective leaders deal with their superiors?
I. They understand that their relationship with their bosses is one of mutual interest.
II. They understand fully well that they and their bosses have same background.
III. They realize that the responsibility of maintaining the relationship is not only that of the superior
and that wisdom and maturity are not the prerogative of the bosses.
IV. They understand their boss’s goals, the pressures on him/her, his/her strengths and weaknesses and
working style.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) (I), (II) and (III) above (d) (I), (III) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
88. In which of the following ways effective leaders deal with their subordinates?
I. By bringing additional sources of power to their job.
II. Acquiring job related skills and abilities.
III. Entering into working relationships.
IV. Pointing out the mistakes of the subordinates.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
13
89. Conflict is a reality in organizations. People compete for work, resources, authority, recognition and
safety. It is essential for a leader to have the skills required to resolve conflicts. Which of the following
is/are the essential skills required by a leader for conflict management?
I. Assertive communication.
II. Active listening.
III. Problem solving.
IV. Pointing out the mistakes.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
90. While trying to persuade a group of executives, it is important to identify the decision maker in the
group and his/her decision making style. The message should then be presented in a way that suits that
person’s style. Executives can be classified into five groups on the basis of their decision-making.
Which of the following types can be described as detailed-oriented, accurate, logical, unemotional,
analytical, objective, accurate and sensible?
(a) Charismatics (b) Skeptics (c) Followers (d) Controllers (e) Thinkers.
< Answer >
91. Organizations can stimulate the creative thinking process in employees using various processes. Which
of the following is the process of replacing old innovations with new ones?
(a) Intrapreneurship (b) Kaizen
(c) Creative scenario building (d) Creativity training
(e) Exnovation.
< Answer >
92. Which of the following is the ability to make others in the organization use logic and facts in order to
evolve new ways to solve problems?
(a) Charisma (b) Individual consideration
(c) Intellectual stimulation (d) Dependability (e) Judgment.
< Answer >
93. Which type of leader has the ability to convey a strong sense of purpose and vision and is aware of the
requirements of others and reflects ability to instill faith, respect and trust?
(a) Charisma (b) Individual consideration
(c) Intellectual stimulation (d) Dependability
(e) Judgment.
< Answer >
94. Which of the following is true about the position ‘I am not ok, you are ok’?
I. This is the position, which a child acquires at a very young age when he/she needs the help of
others.
II. In infancy, everything that the child does is controlled by parents.
III. People in this position view themselves as inferior to others.
IV. At workplace, the people in this position can only be bosses.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
95. Which of the following is an ongoing series of complementary, ulterior transactions progressing to a
well-defined, predictable outcome?
(a) Stroke (b) Game (c) The life position
(d) Play (e) Payoff.
< Answer >
96. Which of the following is not true about strokes?
(a) Transactions can also be viewed as a series of strokes and counter strokes
(b) A stroke is the recognition of the presence of another person
(c) It takes form of a smile, a nod, or any other gesture which acknowledges the presence of another
person
(d) Elderly people get physical strokes from their parents in the form of a hug or an embrace
(e) Physical strokes may not be convenient or suitable for all occasions.
< Answer >
97. Transactional analysis is an effective tool to solve many organizational communication problems. With
its help it is possible to study the verbal and non verbal message in a communication process There
< Answer >
14
its help, it is possible to study the verbal and non-verbal message in a communication process. There
are basically three types of transactions: complementary, crossed and ulterior. Which of the following
is true about ulterior transaction?
I. It has a hidden meaning, which is different from what is actually said.
II. It occurs when, a person involved in a communication, addresses an ego state of the other person,
which is different from his/her ego state at that time.
III. When the message from a specific ego state of a person receives an expected response from the
specific ego state of the other it is said to be an ulterior transaction.
IV. Verbal meaning may indicate a different ego state, but gestures and facial expressions may convey
a different story.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
98. Which of the following is a decision making method that involves identifying two appropriate solutions
and listing the pros and cons for each?
(a) Brainstorming (b) Delphi technique
(c) Dawe’s rule (d) Franklin’s rule (e) Kaizen.
< Answer >
99. An employee with good interpersonal skills would essentially have which of the following qualities?
I. Ability to treat everyone in the organization with respect.
II. Ability to get along with others.
III. Readiness to accept feedback.
IV. Ability to resolve conflicts in time.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
< Answer >
100. Which of the following is the capability to interpret and manage one’s own feelings, actions and
motivations and those of others in social contacts?
(a) Cognitive skills (b) Emotional quotient
(c) Perceptual skills (d) Motivational skills
(e) Interpersonal skills.
< Answer >
15
Suggested Answers
Managerial Effectiveness ñ II (MB122): April 2006
1. Answer : (d)
Reason : Statements I, II and III are true but not Iv because, effective management need not be an
inherent quality, can be learnt.
< TOP >
2. Answer : (b)
Reason : Effective managers do not only focus on working with tools and techniques but focus on
achieving results.
< TOP >
3. Answer : (d)
Reason : The aims of the planning in organization are
I. To achieve the objectives of the organization, II. To maintain uniformity in team work
and provide the time necessary to achieve goals and III. To prepare mission statement of
the organization but not IV. To serve as a yardstick to measure the attainment of goals.
< TOP >
4. Answer : (e)
Reason : With good mission statement a manager cannot contribute in maintaining human
relations.
< TOP >
5. Answer : (b)
Reason : The rule (s) should an effective managers remember for staffing for strength are I. They
should ensure that the job is well structured and well defined and III. They should design
the job in such a manner that it brings out the strength or best performance of an
employee.
< TOP >
6. Answer : (a)
Reason : According to Taber’s Cyclopedia Dictionary, stress is the result produced when forces
that disrupt equilibrium or produce strain act upon a structure, system or organism.
< TOP >
7. Answer : (e)
Reason : I. Continual sense of urgency and II. Has an excessive competitive drive are the
characteristic of Type A personality.
< TOP >
8. Answer : (d)
Reason : Perception of things outside his control is not one of the external stressor. Perception of
things outside ones control creates stress within oneself hence; it can be categorized as
internal stressor.
< TOP >
9. Answer : (e)
Reason : I. Difficult clients, II. Personal inadequacy, III. Role conflicts and IV. Setting high goals
are the job stressors.
< TOP >
10. Answer : (a)
Reason : Difficulty in concentrating is not one of the physical effects of stress. It is the
psychological affect.
< TOP >
11. Answer : (d)
Reason : Concentrating only on the work is not one of the strategies to fight stress.
< TOP >
12. Answer : (c)
Reason : Time management is I. It means spending time based on priorities and goals and III. It
helps to find ways to work more effectively and efficiently. But not II. It means
completing the works as fast as possible and IV. It focuses on spending time on activities.
< TOP >
13. Answer : (d)
Reason : The qualities of the perfectionist are I. Is obsessed with the quality of the resultant work,
II. He takes more than allotted time to complete work and III. Takes too much time to
perform even minor activities.
< TOP >
14. Answer : (e)
Reason : The effective strategies for controlling time-wasters are I. Biological clock, II. Prioritize,
III. Spiritual planning and IV. Accessibility.
< TOP >
16
15. Answer : (a)
Reason : Creative is the ability of an individual to use new approaches to solve a particular
problem or situation
< TOP >
16. Answer : (c)
Reason : Qualities of a creative manager are (a) Keen observation, (b) Anticipating opportunities
(c) challenging assumptions (d) Taking adventurous decisions and (e) Breaking away
from conventional way of doing, seeing and analyzing.
< TOP >
17. Answer : (e)
Reason : Innovation is putting creative idea into practice.
< TOP >
18. Answer : (a)
Reason : The statement Innovation is a process whereas creativity is a goal is true.
< TOP >
19. Answer : (c)
Reason : Invention is not one of the activities involved in innovation.
< TOP >
20. Answer : (a)
Reason : Fluency is the ability to generate a large number of relevant ideas continuously with
reference to a particular problem or situation.
< TOP >
21. Answer : (d)
Reason : Creativity is forming a relationship between unrelated situations to create a new solution
that will meet specific requirements
< TOP >
22. Answer : (c)
Reason : Happiness is not one of the barriers to creativity.
< TOP >
23. Answer : (a)
Reason : This involves encouraging employees to suggest creative solutions that are different from
the conventional ones for certain unforeseen problems is the correct sentence.
< TOP >
24. Answer : (a)
Reason : Checklist technique focuses on asking questions to get creative solution.
< TOP >
25. Answer : (c)
Reason : Synectics is the process of joining different and irrelevant elements to solve a situation or
problem.
< TOP >
26. Answer : (a)
Reason : In intrapreneurship creative ideas are developed within an organization.
< TOP >
27. Answer : (a)
Reason : Charisma tics are talkative, dominant, captivating, enthusiastic, and persistent and have the
ability to absorb large amounts of information.
< TOP >
28. Answer : (a)
Reason : Emotional Intelligence involves the ability to monitor one’s own and others’ feelings and
emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one’s thinking
and action.
< TOP >
29. Answer : (c)
Reason : The ability to suppress emotions is not one of abilities and skills required for emotional
intelligence.
< TOP >
30. Answer : (c)
Reason : Understanding one’s own emotions, feelings, drives, strengths, etc.and the ability to deal
with changing situations are included in personal competence.
< TOP >
31. Answer: (e)
Reason : The indicators for the existence of negative emotions at the workplace are
I. Poor working conditions.
II. Constant fear of change in the organization.
III. Frequent changes in organizational structure.
< TOP >
17
IV. Very high or low levels of stress.
32. Answer : (e)
Reason : The consequences of the existence of negative emotions at the workplace are I. Low
productivity.
II. Absenteeism.
III. Increase in conflicts.
IV. Loss of faith in the organization.
< TOP >
33. Answer : (d)
Reason : The aspects of emotional intelligence that leaders require to inspire the team members are
I. Awareness of the emotions of self and also of others.
II. Ability to predict the possible emotional reactions in various organizational situations.
IV. Ability to make effective use of the identified emotions.
< TOP >
34. Answer : (c)
Reason : Suggestions for improving emotional intelligence at a personal level are
I. Do not try to find reasons in others and circumstances for your emotional
disturbances instead, it is better to identify the emotion that you have in various
situations, i.e. lable your emotions,
II. Make use of your knowledge of emotions in taking decisions.
III. When you feel angry, instead of suppressing it try to convert it into fruitful action
and
IV. Understand and acknowledge the emotions and feelings of others by showing
appropriate emotions.
< TOP >
35. Answer : (a)
Reason : Adult ego state is the logical thinking side of personality
< TOP >
36. Answer : (a)
Reason : Cognition is the mental process of learning, which includes aspects like awareness,
perception, interpretation and judgment.
< TOP >
37. Answer : (a)
Reason : Reflexology uses meridians or zones to reduce stress.
< TOP >
38. Answer : (a)
Reason: (a) One might conclude that Seema has Type A personality. Personality is the sum total
of ways in which an individual reacts and interacts with others. Individuals are said
to belong to Type A personality when they are aggressively involved in chronic,
incessant struggle to achieve more in less time, even against opposition from other
people.
(b) Individual of Type B personality are obsessed with the idea of acquiring too many
things or participating in too many things in a short span of time. They do not want
to reveal their accomplishments or achievements unless the situation demands.
(c) We cannot conclude that ‘Seema’ has no personality.
(d) We cannot conclude that Seema is a good team player.
(e) We cannot conclude that Seema is a autocratic leader.
< TOP >
39. Answer : (a)
Reason : Emotions are called a feeling and its distinctive thoughts, psychological and biological
states and range or propensities to act
< TOP >
40. Answer : (a)
Reason : In brainstorming idea generation starts with each participant giving one idea at a time and
all the collected ideas are selected by casting votes on all the ideas presented.
< TOP >
41. Answer : (a)
Reason : Cultural fluency is based on the ability to identify, understand and apply cultural variables
that influence the communicative behavior of members of different cultures.
< TOP >
42. Answer : (d)
Reason : Leaders Should not make every little decision.
< TOP >
18
43. Answer : (d)
Reason : Leaders need to clearly understand
I. Where the leaders themselves are headed.
II. What the leaders intend to do.
III. Whose involvement is crucial to reach the intended goal.
IV. Which individuals could prove an obstacle to them in fulfilling their leadership
responsibilities.
< TOP >
44. Answer : (a)
Reason : People in this team need recognition and a sense of ownership is correct regarding
executive team.
< TOP >
45. Answer : (b)
Reason : The statements I. The persuader should make them feel confident and
IV. Followers like proven and reliable ideas. Are true
< TOP >
46. Answer : (b)
Reason : Putting forward an argument that is structured, linear and credible as thinkers have faith
in the details given by experts will not help because this statement is true about
controllers.
< TOP >
47. Answer : (a)
Reason : Skeptics are people with very strong personalities and they are suspicious of data, which
is against their general beliefs.
< TOP >
48. Answer : (b)
Reason : The correct statement is it should be communicated and shared frequently
< TOP >
49. Answer : (e)
Reason : Integrity is the ability to honor position or authority and to act as a role model, doing what
is morally correct
< TOP >
50. Answer : (d)
Reason : I. The people in the life position I am ok, you are not ok develop suspicion and
aversion toward others, will not take the responsibility for any faults instead, blame
others for all problems
III. Such people always try to prove that only they can do a job well and others cannot.
IV. These managers may not be willing to delegate authority and will be of the view that
very close supervision is required to get work done by subordinates.
< TOP >
51. Answer : (b)
Reason : Developing aggressiveness is not one of the practical steps in developing the
interpersonal skills of managers.
< TOP >
52. Answer : (e)
Reason : They are
I. Self awareness.
II. Control.
III. Motivation.
IV. Communication skills.
< TOP >
53. Answer : (e)
Reason : Goleman and Cary Cherniss have developed certain guidelines for conducting training
programs for developing emotional intelligence in organizations. They are
I. All the necessary groundwork for implementing emotional intelligence training in
the organization should be completed.
II. Training the people.
III. Application of the skills learned during training in the actual job situation.
IV. Evaluation of the training program is essential for identifying the programs that need
to be improved and retaining those that are effective.
< TOP >
54. Answer : (b)
Reason : Each one should concentrate on his job only he should not be bothered about what the
other team members are doing following is not the guidelines that can be useful in
< TOP >
19
building emotionally intelligent teams. In fact each one has to find out how the other
team members are doing.
55. Answer : (e)
Reason : Organizations can stimulate the creative thinking process in employees using the
following processes
I. Reverse brainstorming.
II. Creative overloading.
III. Creative benchmarking.
IV. Parallel groups.
< TOP >
56. Answer : (a)
Reason : Mind mapping involves the graphical display of ideas and concepts and the inter-relation
between them
< TOP >
57. Answer : (c)
Reason : White hat involves collecting of the necessary information, which should be neutral
without any interpretations and analysis.
< TOP >
58. Answer : (b)
Reason : In dialectical technique of creativity it involves working back on a solution that has been
selected for implementation.
< TOP >
59. Answer : (e)
Reason : The true statements are
I. According to psychobiology, the human brain is divided into two parts namely the
left brain and the right brain.
II. The left brain is associated with verbal, logical and analytical thinking.
III. The right brain is associated with emotions, intuition, inspiration and imagination.
IV. The left brain excels in naming and categorizing things, representing, speech,
reading, writing and calculating.
< TOP >
60. Answer : (e)
Reason : The manager must set goals which are
I. Specific.
II. Measurable.
III. Achievable. But not IV. Ambitious.
< TOP >
61. Answer : (a)
Reason : Quadrant I manager is obsessed with meeting deadlines, plans for dealing with crises and
solving problems.
< TOP >
62. Answer : (d)
Reason : The following are the components a plan
I. Time factor.
II. Rewards.
III. Grouping of tasks.
< TOP >
63. Answer : (c)
Reason : Excessive meetings is not one of the internal time-wasters. It is an external time-waster.
< TOP >
64. Answer : (a)
Reason : Spirituality at the work place is defined as allowing every member of an organization the
time and resources to explore his/her inner self, desires, passions, ideas and purposes.
< TOP >
65. Answer : (e)
Reason : The advantage of meditation are
(a) Enables one to control the thought process
(b) Enables one to take effective decisions
(c) Helps in physical and mental relaxation
(d) Improves concentration
But not enabling one to reach all his goals. Reaching goals depends not only on
meditation but on many other factors.
< TOP >
20
66. Answer : (d)
Reason : The steps to manage burnout
I. Identifying the sources of burnout.
II. Ensuring physical well-being.
III. Set achievable goals.
IV. Organize.
< TOP >
67. Answer : (d)
Reason : The psychological affects of stress
I. Difficulty in concentrating.
II. Always anxious.
IV. Mood swings. But not.
III. Insomnia which is a physical effect.
< TOP >
68. Answer : (d)
Reason : I. Positive stress is called eustress and negative stress is called distress.
II. Eustress triggers the body alram, enhances attention.
III. Distress has negative effect on the body.
IV. Distress if left unchecked, can have a serious effect on the body.
< TOP >
69. Answer : (e)
Reason : The factors that influence ethical behavior are
I. Individual characteristics.
II. Structural variables.
III. Organizations culture.
IV. Issue intensity.
< TOP >
70. Answer : (e)
Reason : Any organization requires contribution by managers in the following areas
I. Direct results.
II. Developing managers for tomorrow.
III. Establishing values.
< TOP >
71. Answer : (e)
Reason : Deciding the future course of action is not one of the basic principles a manager has to
remember while doing the organizing. That comes under planning.
< TOP >
72. Answer : (d)
Reason : Life position is built on the observation that people have basic feelings about their own
ability and the ability of others to think, perform and feel
< TOP >
73. Answer : (a)
Reason : Kaizen is used to describe minor changes and innovations in operations to bring about an
improvement in the process.
< TOP >
74. Answer : (d)
Reason : The true statements about the individual resistance to change are
I. Human beings usually develop certain habits and they find it difficult to change
these habits.
II. Some people resist change for fear that it would cause a decrease in their income.
III. People often develop a world of their own with their perceptions. Anything that
could change their world could face resistance.
IV. When faced with new ways of doing a job, many employees fear that they may not
be able to do it properly.
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75. Answer : (a)
Reason : Ego state is defined as a “consistent pattern of feeling and experience directly related to a
corresponding consisting pattern of behavior”
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76. Answer : (e)
Reason : Change agents are the people who are progressive and pioneering, who cannot put up
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with complacency and are continually motivated to create better organizations.
77. Answer : (a)
Reason : Burnout is the result of rigorous stress over a period of time.
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78. Answer : (c)
Reason : The levels in Beamer’s model of learning cultural fluency are
I. Acknowledging cultural diversity.
II. Organizing information according to stereotypes.
III. Analyzing communication episodes.
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79. Answer : (a)
Reason : Power distance refers to a society’s attitude toward physical and intellectual inequalities.
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80. Answer : (e)
Reason : Tthe questions need to be considered are
I. What are the possible advantages of taking this decision?
II. Why should this decision be taken?
III. What is the probability of success and failure?
IV. Is it worth taking the risk?
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81. Answer : (c)
Reason : The guidelines in resolving a crisis are
I. People should be protected first rather than property.
II. All the relevant information regarding the crisis has to be collected and ways found
for solving the problem at hand.
III. Before informing the media, it has to be ensured that the employees in the
organization get a fairly good idea about the proceedings.
IV. The media should be informed of what actually happened.
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82. Answer : (e)
Reason : The steps can be useful for a company in preventing a crisis are
I. Plan for a crisis.
II. Formulating strategies for dealing with a crisis.
III. Having written plans.
IV. Establishing clear chains of command.
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83 Answer : (a)
Reason : Smoldering crisis is “any serious business problem which is not generally known within
or without the company which may generate negative news coverage if or when it goes
public”.
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84. Answer : (c)
Reason : Mergers is not one of the types of crises.
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85. Answer : (e)
Reason : Heuristics is a decision making method in that an important criterion is selected and a
decision is made based on the criterion
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86. Answer : (d)
Reason : A leader has to keep in mind the following basic assumptions in effecting change
I. Organizations are unique, and so are the working systems in them.
II. Leading change is a process, not an event.
III. Organizations are systems.
IV. Change has to be driven, both bottom-up and top-down.
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87. Answer : (d)
Reason : In the following ways effective leaders deal with their superiors
I. They understand that their relationship with their bosses is one of mutual interest.
II. They understand fully well that they and their bosses have different background.
III. They realize that the responsibility of maintaining the relationship is not only that of
the superior and that wisdom and maturity are not the prerogative of the bosses.
IV. They understand their boss’s goals, the pressures on him/her, his/her strengths and
weaknesses and working style.
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88. Answer : (d)
Reason : The ways in which effective leaders deal with their subordinates are
I. By bringing additional sources of power to their job.
II. Acquiring job related skills and abilities.
III. Entering into working relationships.
But not by pointing out mistakes.
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89. Answer : (d)
Reason : I. Assertive communication,
II. Active listening and III. Problem solving are the essential skills required by a leader
for conflict management.
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90. Answer : (d)
Reason : Controllers types can be described as detailed-oriented, accurate, logical, unemotional,
analytical, objective, accurate and sensible
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91. Answer : (e)
Reason : Exnovation is the process of replacing old innovations with new ones.
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92. Answer : (c)
Reason : Intellectual stimulation is the ability to make others in the organization use logic and facts
in order to evolve new ways to solve problems.
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93. Answer : (a)
Reason : Charisma is the ability to instill faith, respect and trust. And this type of leader has the
ability to convey a strong sense of purpose and vision and is aware of the requirements of
others.
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94. Answer : (d)
Reason : The true statements are
I. This is the position, which a child acquires at a very young age when he/she needs
the help of others.
II. In infancy, everything that the child does is controlled by parents.
III. People in this position view themselves as inferior to others.
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95. Answer : (b)
Reason : Game is an ongoing series of complementary, ulterior transactions progressing to a welldefined,
predictable outcome.
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96. Answer : (d)
Reason : Elderly people get physical strokes from their parents in the form of a hug or an embrace
is not true because, not elderly people but children get the same.
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97. Answer : (c)
Reason : The true statements of ulterior transactions are; I It has a hidden meaning, which is
different from what is actually said.
IV. In this verbal meaning may indicate a different ego state, but gestures and facial
expressions may convey a different story.
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98. Answer : (c)
Reason : Dawe’s rule is a decision making method that involves identifying two appropriate
solutions and listing the pros and cons for each.
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99. Answer : (e)
Reason : An employee with good interpersonal skills would essentially have the following qualities
I. Ability to treat everyone in the organization with respect.
II. Ability to get along with others.
III. Readiness to accept feedback.
IV. Ability to resolve conflicts in time.
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100. Answer : (e)
Reason : Interpersonal skills is the capability to interpret and manage one’s own feelings, actions
and motivations and those of others in social contacts.
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