Introduction to Management -II (MB112): July 2006

Question Paper Introduction to Management -II (MB112): July 2006

• Answer all questions.
• Marks are indicated against each question.
1.
Which of the following phrases most accurately describes the term “standards”?
(a) The code around which the organization rallies
(b) Targets of performance
(c) Strategic vision
(d) The mission of the organization
(e) Inherent or distinguishing characteristic of an organization.
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2.
Which of the following is/are not assumption(s) on which Edgar H. Schein based his study of humanbehavior?
I. Rational- economic assumptions.
II. Social assumptions.
III. Self-actualization assumptions.
IV. Physiological assumptions.
(a) Only (IV) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (II) and (IV) above (d) Both (III) and (IV) above
(e) (I), (II) and (III) above.
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3.
Which of the following is a written statement of what a jobholder does, how it's done, and why it'sdone?
(a) Job Specification (b) Job Analysis (c) Job Plan
(d) Job Rotation (e) Job Description.
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4.
The path-goal theory was developed by Robert J. House and Terence R. Mitchell and it is a type ofsituational leadership theory. As per this theory, all of the following are pertinent leadership behaviors except
(a) Directive leadership (b) Delegating leadership
(c) Supportive leadership (d) Participative leadership
(e) Achievement-oriented leadership.
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5.
In human resource planning, which of the following is not an element in ‘Resource SupplyForecasting’?
(a) Turnover rate (b) Current inventory (c) Absenteeism rate
(d) Productivity program (e) Movement among job rate.
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6.
According to the University of Michigan studies, leaders who monitored work closely to ensure thatprescribed methods were followed and productivity standards met were
(a) Employee centered (b) Initiating structure centered
(c) Consideration centered (d) Job centered
(e) Transformational.
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7.
Information that originates within the organization is internal information and is essential for day-to-dayoperations. Which of the following is an example of internal information in an organization?
(a) Information about demand of new products or services
(b) Information describing change in policies of suppliers
(c) Details of changes in government regulations
(d) Salesperson Quotas
(e) Descriptions of customer satisfaction with products and services.
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8.
Inventory is vital to organizations, as it represents considerable costs. So, various methods have beendeveloped to control inventory related costs. Which of the following inventory control methods developed to minimize ordering and holding costs, while avoiding stockout costs?
(a) Mathematical model (b) Linear programming
(c) Economic order quantity (d) JIT inventory system
(e) Kanban.
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9.
There are different information systems that serve the needs of different organization members atdifferent organizational levels. Which of the following information systems uses low-volume data and analytical models as data inputs?
(a) Management Information System
(b) Decision Support System
(c) Executive Support System
(d) Transaction Processing System
(e) Office Automation System.
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10.
There are different kinds of tests used in the selection process. Which of the following selection tests explores alertness, comprehension and reasoning abilities of applicants?
(a) Work Sampling tests (b) Knowledge tests (c) Personality tests
(d) Intelligence tests (e) Performance tests.
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11.
Organizational development (OD) is a systematic, integrated and planned approach to improveenterprise effectiveness. Organizational development relies on the use of _______, which are changestrategies developed and initiated with the help of a change agent.
(a) Interventions (b) Plans
(c) Policies (d) Innovations (e) Programs.
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12.
According to Maslow, a need stops motivating
(a) When it is substantially satisfied
(b) When the next level of needs is achieved
(c) When an individual returns to a lower level need
(d) A need never stops motivating
(e) When an individual learns that his/her needs cannot be satisfied.
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13.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory argues that needs form a five-level hierarchy. Which of thefollowing statements is not correct about this theory?
(a) Lower level needs must be satisfied before higher level needs become motivating
(b) Providing additional rewards will not be motivating, if the need has already been satisfied
(c) The needs identified in Maslow's hierarchy run in descending order
(d) Providing for higher level needs will not motivate unless all lower level needs have been met
(e) Self-actualization need can never be fully satisfied.
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14.
Which of the following factors will least likely increase the quality of the controlling process?
(a) Making the control activities the goals of the control process
(b) Instituting different kinds of organizational goals
(c) Taking timely corrective action
(d) Communicating the mechanics of the control process
(e) Recognizing good performance.
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15.
JIT (Just-In-Time) inventory control is an approach to inventory control, which stipulates that materialsshould arrive just, as they are needed, in the production process. Which of the following wouldgenerally not be associated with a successful JIT program, for the purpose of inventory control?
(a) Well-organized receiving and handling of materials purchased from suppliers
(b) Strong management commitment
(c) Suppliers located in diverse and distant locations
(d) High quality of materials purchased from suppliers
(e) Dependable and long-lasting relationships with suppliers and customers.
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16.
Which of the following control systems helps the manager to match actual and the planned revenues andvarious organizational activities?
(a) Financial control (b) Budgetary control (c) Quality control
(d) Inventory control (e) Systems control.
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17.
Which of the following are intervention techniques used by organization development specialists?
I. Team building.
II. Third-party intervention.
III. Techno structural activities.
IV. Planned progression.
V. Coaching.
(a) (I), (II) and (III) above (b) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(c) (I), (IV) and (V) above (d) (II), (III) and (V) above
(e) (III), (IV) and (V) above.
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18.
Which of the following refers to standards and procedures for storage and preservation of data in a formthat ensures access across a variety of applications and uses?
(a) Data management (b) Data validation (c) Data security
(d) Data integrity (e) Data sufficiency.
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19.
Performance appraisals are important in an organization because they
I. Provide systematic judgments to support promotions.
II. Provide a basis for coaching.
III. Provide a basis for counseling.
IV. Let subordinates know where they stand with the boss.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (IV) above (d) (I), (III) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
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20.
Communication is best described as the process of
(a) Sharing emotion (b) Sharing information
(c) Sending messages (d) Feedback formulation
(e) Forwarding information.
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21.
In organizations, people who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing the changeprocess are called
(a) Change masters (b) Change agents
(c) Transformation agents (d) Charismatic leaders
(e) Operations managers.
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22.
There are different conflict-resolution approaches. Most of the conflict-resolution approaches either focus on interpersonal relationships or structural changes. The conflict-resolution approach that corresponds with a higher level of assertiveness and a lower level of cooperativeness, is referred to as
(a) Compromising (b) Collaborating
(c) Forcing (d) Avoiding
(e) Accommodating.
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23.
A skills inventory is a computerized database containing basic information about each employee thatcan be used to assess the availability of candidates for meeting current and future human resource needs.Which of the following is an application of skills inventory?
(a) Forecasting manpower demand (b) Forecasting manpower supply
(c) Replacement training (d) Succession planning
(e) Planning human resource actions.
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24.
If a manager is evaluating the quality of the company’s product by examining complaint formssubmitted by customers, then he/she is using which of the following types of control?
(a) Concurrent control (b) Feedback control
(c) Cybernetic control (d) Yes-no control
(e) Preliminary control.
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25.
According to the Tannenbaum and Schmidt model of leadership, which of thefollowing statementsdescribe(s) more of a subordinate centered leadership?
I. A manager more likely asks the group to make a decision.
II. A manager permits subordinates to function within limits.
III. A manager more likely "sells" the decision.
IV. A manager presents ideas and invites questions.
(a) Only (III) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (II) and (III) above (d) Both (III) and (IV) above
(e) (I), (II) and (IV) above.
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26.
In which of Likert’s systems of management, managers are patronizing but have confidence and trust insubordinates?
(a) Benevolent-authoritative (b) Consultative (c) Participative
(d) Exploitative-authoritative (e) Participative-authoritative.
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27.
Human resource management is the management of various activities that are designed to enhance theeffectiveness of an organization’s manpower in achieving organizational goals. Which of the followingis not a part of the human resource management function in most of the organizations?
(a) Sanctioning (b) Performance appraisal (c) Training
(d) Human resource planning (e) Compensation.
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28.
Four steps involved in training individuals are: (1) Designingthe training programme, (2) Evaluatingthe training programme, (3) Determining training needs and (4) Administering the training programme.The correct sequence for these steps is
(a) 1, 3, 2, 4 (b) 3, 4, 1, 2
(c) 2, 1, 3, 4 (d) 3, 1, 4, 2 (e) 4, 3, 1, 2.
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29.
Which of the following is/are advantage(s) of BARS?
I. It provides specific feed back about job performance.
II. The program is jointly developed by manager and subordinates.
III. Anchors are based on the experience of the subordinates.
(a) Only (II) above (b) Only (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (II) above (d) Both (I) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
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30.
Training is usually essential for new recruits as well as for existing manpower, who require improvedskills to advance in the organization. If a training program attempts to sharpen logic, reasoning, ordefining problems, it is most likely teaching
(a) Problem-solving skills (b) Observational skills
(c) Interpersonal skills (d) Technical skills
(e) Non-verbal communication skills.
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31.
According to William Ouchi, organizations that exhibit a style of management that combines traits ofJapanese and American companies are called
(a) Theory X organizations (b) Theory Y organizations
(c) Theory Z organizations (d) Modern organizations
(e) Supportive organizations.
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32.
Maintaining sufficient inventory helps an organization in which of the following way(s)?
I. Dealing with uncertainties in demand and supply.
II. Making economical purchase of materials.
III. Handling unexpected shortage.
IV. Deciding workflow layouts.
(a) Only (III) above (b) Both (I) and (III) above
(c) Both (II) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) (I), (II) and (IV) above.
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33.
Position analysis questionnaire (PAQ) is a widely used systematic job analysis approach. Which of thefollowing aspects of a job does position analysis questionnaire identify?
I. Sources of information critical to job performance.
II. Interpersonal relationships required to perform the job.
III. Tools and equipment used by the worker.
IV. Physical working conditions and reactions of individuals to those conditions.
(a) Only (III) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (III) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
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34.
Which of the following are approaches for formal performance appraisals?
I. Superior’s rating of subordinates.
II. Group of superiors rating subordinates.
III. Peer assessment.
IV. Subordinate’s ratings.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (II) and (III) above
(c) Both (III) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
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35.
As per Herzberg’s two-factor theory, achievement, recognition, and growth are examples of
(a) Theory X (b) Theory Y (c) Motivators
(d) Hygiene factors (e) Leadership determinants.
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36.
Which of the following is a ‘Theory Y’ assumption?
(a) The average person prefers to be directed
(b) Most people must be threatened and coerced before they put forth adequate effort
(c) Commitment to objectives is a function of the rewards associated with achievement
(d) The average person seeks no responsibility
(e) People generally dislike work.
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37.
Which of the following leaders guides or motivates his followers towards established goals by clarifyingrole and task requirements?
(a) Charismatic (b) Transformational
(c) Transactional (d) Autocratic
(e) Visionary.
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38.
Inventory that can be converted into cash within one year is an example of
(a) Current asset (b) Fixed asset (c) Current liability
(d) Equity (e) Debt.
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39.
Which of the following is not a weakness of appraisal against verifiable objectives?
(a) Luck plays an important role in the performance of an individual
(b) In reality uncontrollable factors are rarely taken into consideration
(c) It is difficult to measure performance of non-performers
(d) It does not take into consideration managerial abilities of an individual
(e) It does not form a separate component from the job.
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40.
The Japanese Management organizing process usually involves
I. Collective responsibility and accountability.
II. Ambiguity of decision responsibility.
III. Clear and specific decision responsibility.
IV. Informal organization structure.
V. Formal bureaucratic organization structure.
(a) (I), (II) and (III) above (b) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(c) (I), (II) and (V) above (d) (II), (III) and (IV) above
(e) (III), (IV) and (V) above.
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41.
Which of the following theories proposes that the factors that help prevent dissatisfaction on the job donot necessarily lead to satisfaction?
(a) Vroom's expectancy theory
(b) Adam's equity theory
(c) Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory
(d) McClelland's three-needs theory
(e) Mc Gregor’s theory X.
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42.
Which of the following actions does an organization undertake, if manpower demand is high andmanpower supply is also high?
I. Selection.
II. Layoffs.
III. Promotions.
IV. Training and development.
(a) Only (II) above (b) Both (I), and (III) above
(c) Both (II) and (IV) above (d) (I), (III) and (IV) above
(e) (II), (III) and (IV) above.
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43.
Operations Management is a tool by which management can create and improve upon its operations.Which of the following statements is true regarding operations management?
(a) Operations managers are not found in the service sector
(b) Operations Management is concerned with only the input stage of product development
(c) The outputs of the operations system include both goods and services
(d) Labor is part of the transformation stage and is not considered an input
(e) The techniques of Operations Management are not applicable to other disciplines such as finance, marketing and human resource management.
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44.
In an effective organization, information flows in various directions. Which of the followinginformation flows takes place among persons at different levels, who have no direct relationships?
(a) Downward (b) Upward (c) Horizontal
(d) Diagonal (e) Formal.
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45.
Which of the following are the three leadership styles proposed by Kurt Lewin, a researcher at theUniversity of Iowa, and his colleagues?
(a) Democratic, autocratic, directive
(b) Autocratic, consultative, democratic
(c) Country club management, democratic, laissez-faire
(d) Autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire
(e) Organization man management, achievement-oriented, autocratic.
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46.
According to the Japanese management practices,which of the following terms refers to a manager whose task is not only to supervise people at work but also to show fatherly concern for theirsubordinate’s private life?
(a) Ringi (b) Henko (c) Kacho
(d) Sushin Kayo (e) Habatsu.
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47.
According to Hersey and Blanchard, when provided with an able and willing follower, the leaderprimarily deals with
(a) The routine tasks (b) Forecasting
(c) The exceptions (d) The expectations
(e) Disasters.
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48.
Managers can adopt various methods to overcome initial resistance to change. In which of the followingmethods of overcoming resistance to change, management neutralizes potential or actual resistance byexchanging something of value for cooperation?
(a) Facilitation and support (b) Manipulation
(c) Negotiation and agreement (d) Explicit and implicit coercion
(e) Education and communication.
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49.
The attitude that regards home-country practices as superior to foreign-country practices is known as a(an)
(a) Egocentric (b) Ethnocentric (c) Polycentric
(d) Geocentric (e) Isocentric.
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50.
An extension of Herzberg’s and Maslow's content theories of motivation comes from the work of Clayton Alderfer. Which of the following statements is not true about Alderfer's ERG theory?
(a) This theory revised Maslow's theory to make the needs and the sequence of needs less rigid
(b) This theory collapses five needs into three
(c) This theory indicates that all three needs can operate at the same time
(d) The existence group is concerned with material requirements for survival
(e) The third set of needs is related to extrinsic needs.
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51.
Which of the following are characteristics of the planning process usually adopted in US Managementstyle?
I. Short-term orientation.
II. Collective decision-making.
III. Decisions initiated at the top, flowing down.
IV. Fast decision-making.
V. Slow decision-making.
(a) (I), (II) and (III) above (b) (II), (III) and (IV) above
(c) (I), (III) and (IV) above (d) (II), (III) and (V) above
(e) (I), (IV) and (V) above.
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52.
Which of the following are advantages of external recruitment?
I. Recruitment costs will be low.
II. Reliable information is available about candidates.
III. Candidates may have broader experience.
IV. Candidates may be familiar with competitors.
V. Candidates are a source of potential new ideas.
(a) (I), (II) and (III) above (b) (I), (II) and (V) above
(c) (I), (IV) and (V) above (d) (II), (III) and (IV) above
(e) (III), (IV) and (V) above.
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53.
Apart from on-the-job training, there are many other approaches to manager development. Developmentof organizing and intervening skills in group processes, usually takes place in case of
(a) Sensitivity training (b) Survey feedback
(c) Team building (d) Process consultation
(e) Cooptation.
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54.
A simulation model is used in which of the following steps of operations research?
(a) Formulating the problem (b) Constructing a mathematical model
(c) Testing the method (d) Providing controls
(e) Putting the solution into effect.
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55.
Performance appraisal involves the formal evaluation of an individual’s job performance. Which of thefollowing is not a useful suggestion for providing effective feedback in an appraisal review?
(a) Make the feedback goal-oriented
(b) Ensure understanding
(c) Keep the feedback impersonal
(d) Direct negative feedback toward behavior that is uncontrollable
(e) Focus on specific behaviors.
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56.
A useful way to classify various motivation theories is to look at their major thrust. Which of thefollowing motivation theories emphasizes on the dynamics of motivation and how individuals are motivated?
(a) Content theory (b) Need hierarchy theory (c) Process theory
(d) ERG theory (e) Herzberg’s two-Factor theory.
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57.
Which of the following statements is/are true about staffing?
I. It is necessary to take into account the internal and external organizational factors while staffing.
II. Staffing is a process, which does not influence other managerial functions.
III. It involves selecting individuals whose goals are congruent with those of the organization.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (I) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
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58.
Which of the following statements is/are true about a ‘Certified Management Audit?’
I. It appraises an organization’s position – where it is, where it is heading, whether objectives are met, whether revision of plans is required.
II. The responsibility of conducting a certified management audit lies with individuals within theorganization who have sufficient knowledge.
III. It takes a longer time to carry out than an accounting audit.
IV. It requires objective standards that should be applied impartially.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (III) and (IV) above (d) (II), (III) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
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59.
An information system is an organized collection of data, equipment, procedures and people involved inthe collection, storage and processing of data to produce information required in the management of an organization. For an information system to be effective, it should provide
(a) Internal timely information (b) External timely information
(c) Internal accurate information (d) External accurate information
(e) Internal and external information that is timely and accurate.
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60.
Which of the following statements are true about tactical control?
I. It focuses on implementing plans at the department levels.
II. It monitors day-to-day results.
III. It involves weekly, fortnightly and monthly reporting cycles.
IV. It involves monitoring critical environmental factors.
(a) Both (I) and (II) above (b) Both (I) and (III) above
(c) Both (II) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) (I), (III) and (IV) above.
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61.
Which of the following is/are disadvantage(s) of internal recruitment?
I. Unsuccessful contenders may become disgruntled.
II. Selection is more susceptible to office politics.
III. The probability of mistake is higher.
IV. The new employee may have a slower start because of the need for organization orientation.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (II) and (IV) above (d) Both (III) and (IV) above
(e) (I), (II) and (III) above.
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62.
Which of the following statements is/are true about investment centers?
I. The control system examines the role of assets in generating profit.
II. In investment centers, outputs are measured in monetary terms and directly compared with input costs.
III. It helps top management calculate the mere inflow and outflow of currency, rather than giving a total picture of profitability.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above (d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
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63.
Which of the following is/are conclusion(s) drawn from the trait approach to leadership?
I. There are certain traits that guarantee that a leader will be successful.
II. It is based on early research that assumes that a good leader is born, not made.
III. Leadership is a simple issue of describing the traits of successful leaders.
IV. It is based on early research that assumes that a good leader is made, not born.
(a) Only (II) above (b) Only (IV) above
(c) Both (I) and (IV) above (d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) (I), (II) and (III) above.
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64.
Which of the following did Fiedler define as the degree of confidence, trust, and respect subordinateshave in their leader?
(a) Leader-member relations (b) Integrity (c) Position power
(d) Referent power (e) Organizational climate.
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65.
With respect to creativity in organizations, which of the following is/are assumption(s) of the traditionalmodel of management?
I. Work is inherently distasteful to most people.
II. Most people can exercise far more creative, responsible self-direction and self-control than their present jobs demand.
III. People desire to belong and to be recognized as individuals.
IV. What workers do is less important than what they earn for doing it.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (III) above
(c) Both (I) and (IV) above (d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) (I), (II) and (IV) above.
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66.
Which of the following control systems is/are used by all levels of management?
I. Financial control system.
II. Budgetary control system.
III. Quality control system.
IV. Inventory control system.
(a) Only (II) above (b) Only (III) above
(c) Both (II) and (III) above (d) Both (III) and (IV) above
(e) (I), (II) and (IV) above.
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67.
Which of the following are elements of job specification?
I. Education.
II. Work experience.
III. Job title.
IV. Duties.
V. Communication skills.
(a) (I), (II) and (III) above (b) (I), (II) and (V) above
(c) (I), (IV) and (V) above (d) (II), (III) and (IV) above
(e) (III), (IV) and (V) above.
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68.
Which of the following is/are corrective controls?
I. Feed forward controls.
II. Yes-no controls.
III. Feedback controls.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
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69.
Interpretation of messages plays a very important role in communication within or outsideorganizations. The interpretation of a message by an individual is known as
(a) Message interference (b) Perception (c) Noise
(d) Semantics (e) Feedback.
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70.
Which of the following statements is/are true about executive support systems?
I. They provide market intelligence, investment intelligence and technology intelligence.
II. They make greater use of analytical models and are less interactive.
III. They support decision-making at the top level of management.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (I) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
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71.
Information is one of the important resources for managers. For information to be useful to managers, itmust possess certain attributes. The information attribute which is prepared or presented to users often enough to be up-to-date is known as
(a) Information accuracy (b) Information timeliness
(c) Information relevance (d) Information completeness
(e) Information frequency.
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72.
Financial ratios are particularly important to managerial control in an organization. One such financialratio, viz., return on investment, is a ratio that attempts to measure a firm's
(a) Leverage (b) Profitability (c) Liquidity
(d) Reliability (e) Serviceability.
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73.
Which of the following is the extent to which a leader defines his or her own role and those ofsubordinates so as to achieve organizational goals?
(a) Initiating structure (b) Structure behavior
(c) Maturity behavior (d) Consideration behavior
(e) Relationship behavior.
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74.
McClelland highlighted the importance of three basic needs namely need for achievement, need foraffiliation and need for power. Which of the following is/are characteristic(s) exhibited by achievement-oriented people?
I. They enjoy a sense of intimacy and understanding.
II. They see every situation as an opportunity to seize control.
III. They take a realistic approach to risk.
IV. They have an intense desire for success.
(a) Only (II) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (III) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) (I), (III) and (IV) above.
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75.
According to Fiedler, the primary factors that should be used as a basis for moving leaders into moreappropriate situations are
(a) Task behavior, consideration behavior, maturity
(b) Maturity, job knowledge, responsibility
(c) The worker, the leader, the situation
(d) Leader-member relations, task structure, position power
(e) Task structure, leadership style, maturity.
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76.
Performance appraisal methods must consider various aspects of a job. Which of the following types ofappraisal implies evaluating an individual based on actual job performance?
(a) Behavior-oriented (b) Results-oriented
(c) Work-oriented (d) Skills-oriented
(e) Knowledge-oriented.
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77.
A manager who re-designs the jobs of her subordinates so that they include a better chance for personal growth is using job
(a) Analysis (b) Description
(c) Enlargement (d) Enrichment (e) Rotation.
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78.
Which of the following statements is not true with respect to creative individuals in an organization?
(a) They come up with new and unusual ideas
(b) They are seldom satisfied with status quo
(c) They object to conformity
(d) They stick to intellectual and rational aspects of their personalities in problem solving and do not use the emotional aspect
(e) They may follow their ideas doggedly and irritate others.
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79.
Which of the following is an index that measures one variable relative to another?
(a) Balance sheet (b) Ratio (c) Asset
(d) Budget (e) Liability.
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80.
Which of the following is not an output in the ‘Distribution Logistics Model?’
(a) Warehousing lead-times (b) Inventory plan
(c) Production schedule (d) Materials procurement schedule
(e) Raw materials warehousing schedule.
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81.
Which of the following is a subsystem of the Just-In-Time (JIT) approach and involves the use of cardsand containers to move parts and components from one work area to another?
(a) Economic order quantity (b) Linear programming (c) Reorder point
(d) Kanban (e) Distribution logistics.
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82.
Which of the following is/are prerequisite(s) for effective listening?
I. Avoiding premature evaluation.
II. Expecting the message to follow a fixed pattern.
III. Practicing active listening.
IV. Trying to benefit from the ‘talk processes’ of the speaker rather than from one’s own rapid ‘thought process’.
(a) Only (III) above (b) Both (I) and (III) above
(c) Both (II) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (IV) above
(e) (II), (III) and (IV) above.
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83
Which of the following statements is/are true about feed forward controls?
I. They are future-oriented.
II. Quality control inspections are examples of feed forward controls.
III. They are preliminary controls.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (I) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
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84.
Lyman Porter and his colleagues classified the underlying nature of people into six models. Which ofthe following views proposes that people are unpredictable, subjective, relative and unique in nature?
(a) Rational (b) Emotional (c) Behavioristic
(d) Self-actualizing (e) Phenomenological.
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85.
Which of the following is/are step(s) involved in the ‘Enterprise Self Audit?’
I. Study the outlook of the industry in which the firm is operating.
II. Appraise the position of the firm.
III. Re-examine the basic objectives and major policies of the firm.
IV. Take the opinion of an outside firm.
(a) Only (II) above (b) Both (I) and (II) above
(c) Both (III) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
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86.
Hazard analysis and Critical Control Point Method (HACCP) is used in the food manufacturing industryto identify and prevent microbial and other germs from causing harm to food. Which of the following is not one of the principles on which HACCP preventive control systems should be based?
(a) Hazard analysis (b) Identifying control points
(c) Management audit (d) Establish corrective actions
(e) Record keeping.
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87.
In the selection process, which of the following involves furnishing information of persons who canassure the recruiting firm that the information given by the applicant is reliable?
(a) Preliminary screening (b) Application blank (c) Reference check
(d) Comprehensive interview (e) Personal guarantee.
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88.
Which of the following is/are potential barrier(s) to successful controlling?
I. Overemphasizing short-term production as opposed to long-term production.
II. Creative employee frustration leading to reduced workplace morale.
III. The falsification of reports.
IV. Narrowing the perception of organization members to the detriment of the organization.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (III) above
(c) Both (II) and (III) above (d) Both (II) and (IV) above
(e) All (I), (II), (III) and (IV) above.
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89.
The first stage in a corporation’s multinationalization is when the corporation
(a) Multinationalizes ownership of corporate stock
(b) Multinationalizes management from top to bottom
(c) Establishes foreign manufacturing facilities
(d) Establishes sales organizations abroad
(e) Exports its products.
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90.
In Vroom’s expectancy theory, which of the following is the motivational component that refers to thepreference of an individual for a particular outcome?
(a) Valence (b) Expectancy (c) Instrumentality
(d) Motivation (e) Drive.
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91.
Which of the following is/are true about planned change?
I. It reflects change in operating philosophy.
II. It aims at improving the ability of an organization to adapt to changes in its environment.
III. It aims at keeping the employee behavior unchanged.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (I) and (II) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
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92.
Which of the following is not an extrinsic reward?
(a) Money (b) Satisfaction (c) Amenities
(d) Promotion (e) Perks.
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93.
According to the managerial grid, which of the following leaders believes that thoughtful attention tothe needs of people for a satisfying relationship leads to a comfortable, friendly organizational atmosphere and work tempo?
(a) Task (b) Middle of the road
(c) Country club (d) Team (e) Impoverished.
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94.
Which of the following is not an example of noise in the communication process?
(a) Poor telephone connection (b) Ambiguous symbols leading to faulty encoding
(c) Inattentive receiver (d) Prejudices in understanding the message
(e) Improper feedback.
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95.
Jyotsna strives to develop friendships, prefers to work in cooperative situations, and works toward ahigh degree of mutual understanding in her relationships. Which need is she demonstrating?
(a) Achievement (b) Power (c) Recognition
(d) Affiliation (e) Self-actualization.
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96.
In which of the following controls is the cause of an unsatisfactory outcome traced back to theindividual responsible for it, who is then made to correct the practice?
(a) Preventive control (b) Cybernetic control (c) Direct control
(d) Steering control (e) Feedback control.
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97.
Which of the following statements is/are true with respect to asset management ratios?
I. They are a test of the relationship between sales and various assets of a firm.
II. They are also called activity ratios.
III. A higher percentage indicates that a higher investment is needed in assets and the profitability islower.
(a) Only (I) above (b) Only (II) above
(c) Only (III) above (d) Both (I) and (II) above
(e) All (I), (II) and (III) above.
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98.
According to Kurt Lewin, a leader who allows his employees complete freedom to make decisions andto complete work in whatever way they think is best, is using which of the following leadership styles?
(a) Democratic-participative (b) Laissez-faire
(c) Autocratic (d) Democratic-consultative
(e) Team management.
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99.
Which of the following is not an input in the ‘Inventory Control Model?’
(a) Manufacturing cost per unit (b) Demand for the product
(c) Reorder lead time (d) Shipping cost
(e) Inventory schedule.
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100.
Which of the following is/are assumption(s) of preventive control?
I. Application of fundamentals can be evaluated.
II. Personal responsibility exists.
III. Well qualified managers can make minimum mistakes.
IV. Management concepts, tools, principles and techniques are effective standards for measuring managerial standards and performance.
(a) Only (IV) above (b) Both (I) and (III) above
(c) Both (II) and (IV) above (d) (I), (II) and (III) above
(e) (I), (III) and (IV) above.
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